rdos/boot/kernel.asm

		cpu 8086
		org 0x500

%include	"inc/bpb.asm"
%include	"inc/dpt.asm"

; drive table entry
struc drive
.biosnum:	resb 1
.flag:		resb 1
.spc:		resw 1
.cylinders:	resw 1
.dpt:		resb dpt_size
.type:		resb 1 ; 12 or 16, depending on FAT type
.fat_offset:	resd 1 ; offset of fat table
.fat_num:	resw 1 ; number of fat tables
.fat_size:	resw 1 ; sectors per fat table

.dir_offset:	resd 1 ; offset of root directory
.dir_size:	resw 1 ; size of root directory in sectors

.clus_offset:	resd 1 ; offset of clusters
.clus_num:	resw 1 ; number of clusters
.clus_size:	resw 1 ; sectors per cluster
endstruc

		; kernel stack size in words
%define		stacksize 512

init:		cli
		xor ax, ax
		mov ds, ax
		mov es, ax
		mov ss, ax
		mov sp, ( stack+stacksize )

		; relocate
		mov si, 0x7C00
		mov di, $$
		mov cx, (_end-$$)
		rep movsb

		jmp 0:main

main:		; zero out first 64kb except our code
		; bss and boot sector area gets cleared by this
		mov cx, di
		neg cx
		xor ax, ax
		rep stosb

		; install interrupt vectors
		mov si, vects
		mov di, (0x20*4)
		mov cx, 0x0A
intlp:		movsw
		mov ax, cs
		stosw
		loop intlp

		mov dx, banner
		call puts

		call drives_init

		mov dl, 0
		call drive_select
		xor ax, ax
		xor dx, dx
		call drive_seek
		call drive_read
		mov ax, [diskbuf+0x1FE]
		int 3

loop:		int 0x28
		jmp loop

section .data

banner:	db "rdos loaded", 0xA, 0xD, '$'

section .text

	; Alias for Int 21h,AH=0h
int20h:	xor ah, ah
	jmp far [cs:0x21*4]

int21h:	; inside of kernel, direction always goes up
	; the iret will restore it to the user value later
	cld
	; set sfptr from ah
	push bx
	xor bx, bx
	mov bl, ah
	add bl, bl
	add bx, sftab
	mov bx, [cs:bx]
	mov [cs:sfptr], bx
	pop bx
	; do the actual subfunction call
	call [cs:sfptr]
	; inherit the lower 8 flag bits to userspace
iretfl:	push ax
	push bp
	mov bp, sp
	lahf
	mov [bp+8], ah
	pop bp
	pop ax
	; iret frame: IP CS FLAGS
iret:	iret
retf:	retf

section .data

	; Subfunction ptr
	; this is used as extra register in int21h
sfptr:	dw 0

	; Subfunction table
sftab:	dw sferr, getc, putc, sferr
	dw sferr, sferr, conout, conin
	dw sferr, puts, sferr, sferr
	dw sferr, sferr, sferr, sferr
	; 10
	dw sferr, sferr, sferr, sferr
	dw sferr, sferr, sferr, sferr
	dw sferr, sferr, sferr, sferr
	dw sferr, sferr, sferr, sferr
	; 20
	dw sferr, sferr, sferr, sferr
	dw sferr, setint, sferr, sferr
	dw sferr, sferr, sferr, sferr
	dw sferr, sferr, sferr, sferr
	; 30
	dw sferr, sferr, sferr, sferr
	dw sferr, getint, sferr, sferr
	dw sferr, sferr, sferr, sferr
	dw sferr, sferr, sferr, sferr

section .text

	; OUT	al	character read
getc:	xor ax, ax
	int 0x16
	push ax
	jmp putc.2

	; IN	dl	character to write
putc:	push ax
	mov al, dl
.2:	int 0x29
	pop ax
	ret

	; console output
	; IN	dl	character
conout:	cmp dl, 0xFF
	je conine
	push ax
	mov al, dl
	int 0x29
	pop ax
	ret

	; console input with echo
	; OUT	al	character
	;	zf	clear when character available
conine:	mov ah, 1
	int 0x16
	jnz .has
	xor al, al
	ret
.has:	xor ax, ax
	int 0x16
	test al, al
	jz conine
	int 0x29
	test ax, ax
	ret

	; console input without echo
	; OUT	al	character
	;	zf	clear when character available
conin:	mov ah, 1
	int 0x16
	jnz .has
	xor al, al
	ret
.has:	xor ax, ax
	int 0x16
	test al, al
	jz conin
	test ax, ax
	ret

	; DOS 1+ 9h - WRITE STRING TO STANDARD OUTPUT
	; IN	ds:dx	'$'-terminated string
puts:	push si
	mov si, dx
.loop:	lodsb
	cmp al, '$'
	je .end
	int 0x29
	jmp .loop
.end:	pop si
	ret

	; DOS 1+ 25h - SET INTERRUPT VECTOR
	; IN	al	interrupt number
	;	ds:dx	entry point
setint:	push bx
	xor bx, bx
	; BX=AL*4
	mov bl, al
	add bl, bl
	add bl, bl
	; save DS:DX into vector
	mov [cs:bx], dx
	mov [cs:bx+2], ds
	pop bx
	ret

	; DOS 2+ 35h - GET INTERRUPT VECTOR
	; IN	al	interrupt number
	; OUT	es:bx	current interrupt handler
getint:	xor bx, bx
	; BX=AL*4
	mov bl, al
	add bl, bl
	add bl, bl
	; load vector into ES:BX
	les bx, [cs:bx]
	ret

	; Fallback for non-existant subfunctions
	; The carry flag is inherited to user
sferr:	stc
	ret

	; DOS IDLE INTERRUPT
	; Usually hooked by TSRs
idle:	sti
	; sti takes one instruction to take effect
	nop
	; Wait until next interrupt
	hlt
	iret

	; FAST CONSOLE OUTPUT
	; IN	al	character to print
fputc:	push ax
	push bx
	mov ah, 0x0E
	xor bx, bx
	int 0x10
	pop bx
	pop ax
	iret

	%include "kernel/drive.asm"
	%include "kernel/fat.asm"

zero:	dw 0

section .data

vects:	dw int20h, int21h, retf, retf
	dw retf, retf, retf, int20h
	dw idle, fputc

_end:	dw 0x55AA, 0x55AA

section .bss
		; stack to be used during init and disk i/o
stack:		resw stacksize